Chapter 5

Chapter 5 Self-efficacy

              Self-efficacy is a person's belief about his or her chances of successfully accomplishing a specific task. To be someone who is self-efficient I believe you must be proud of the work you do and enjoy your work environment to be successful. Self-efficacy requires constructive action in all managerial areas. When speaking about job design your manager should build a job that is complex, challenging, and autonomous to enhance perceived self-efficacy. This will also help motivate your employees to want to do better and strive to get their job done right. When it comes time to train self-efficacy expectations for key tasks can be improved through guided experiences, mentoring, and role modeling. It all comes back to the way you make your employee feel needed and wanted to make the business what it is and what it should be. This will be achieved through high leadership skills and managers can prove themselves to be capable of this when given a chance to prove themselves under pressure and the way they help get their team through a task. 

Chapter 4

Chapter 4 Understanding Social Perception and Managing Diversity

            Stereotype is an individual’s set of beliefs about the characteristics or attributes of a group. They exist everywhere whether we mean it or not or even if we notice it or not. Our society has become so numb to the fact that everyone stereotypes. Have you ever stopped to think how or why stereotypes even started though? It is sad to think that they truly never had to exist so why do they now? This seems to be a huge issue in the workplace because unfortunately managers will use stereotypes against people before hiring them or instead of hiring them. 

            Stereotyping is a four-step process: 1)    categorizing people into groups according to various criteria, such as gender, age, race, and occupation 2)    all people within a particular category possess the same traits or characteristics 3)    we form expectation of others and interpret their behavior according to our stereotypes 4)    stereotypes are maintained by overestimating the frequency of stereotypic behaviors exhibited by others, incorrectly explaining expected and unexpected behaviors, and differentiating minority individuals from oneself. 

           As time goes on more things seem to be accepted and more people seem to be open to different ideas. Hopefully this will mean that stereotypes could slowly fade away to non-existence but that would take change and change at times never comes to happen. It isn't always meant to be a negative thing but it immediately puts a perception into that persons mind which is why it may become an issue. 

Chapter 3- Karelle Kanish

Chapter 3 Developing Global Managers

·         Tata is recognized by workforce management for recruiting and staffing programs

o   Ignite: new HR program combines electronic instruction with face to face contact

·         Global mindset: a broader awareness and openness to the cultural values and practices. The three types are:

o   Intellectual

o   Psychological

o   Social

·         Societal culture: involves shared values, norms, identities, and interpretations that result from common experiences of members of collectives that are transmitted over time. This also involves your ethics and what a company believes in or stands for:

o   People in the Netherlands were able to pick their own times to come into work

·         Societal culture is what we already know which can affect our individual differences

·         Ethnocentrism : belief that one’s native country, culture, language, and models of behavior are superior to all others

·         Project globe: a global managers interacts with colleagues from several different countries or cultures. 62 societies involved

o   Power distance

o   Uncertainty avoidance

o   Institutional collectivism

o   In-group collectivism

o   Gender egalitarianism

o   Assertiveness

o   Future orientation

o   Performance orientation

o   Humane orientation

·         Individualistic vs. collectivistic

o   “I and me” vs. “We and us”

·         High context vs. low context

o   Derive great meaning from situational sue vs. derive key info from precise and brief written and spoken messages

·         Monochromic vs. polychromic

o   Time is precise and rigidly measured vs. time is more fluid and flexible